Bipolar

Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These mood swings can range from very severe to mild and can occur over varying periods of time, from days to weeks or even months.

There are several types of bipolar disorder, including:

Bipolar I Disorder: This type involves manic episodes that last at least 7 days or are severe enough to require hospitalization. Depressive episodes also occur, typically lasting at least 2 weeks.

Bipolar II Disorder: This involves a pattern of depressive episodes alternating with hypomanic episodes (less severe than full manic episodes). Hypomania does not usually cause significant impairment in functioning and may even feel pleasant for the individual.

Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia): This involves numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms as well as periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least 2 years (1 year in children and adolescents). However, the symptoms do not meet the diagnostic requirements for a hypomanic episode and a depressive episode.

Symptoms of bipolar disorder can vary widely but generally include:

Manic episodes: Increased energy, euphoria or irritability, inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, reckless behaviour (such as spending sprees or risky sexual behaviour), and difficulty concentrating.

Hypomanic episodes: Similar symptoms to manic episodes but less severe and often not severe enough to cause significant problems in work or social activities.

Depressive episodes: Sadness, hopelessness, lack of energy, changes in appetite or sleep patterns, difficulty concentrating, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, and thoughts of death or suicide.

Treatment for bipolar disorder usually involves a combination of medications, psychotherapy and lifestyle changes. With proper treatment and support, many individuals with bipolar disorder can manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives. If you suspect that you have bipolar disorder, or have been previously diagnosed, it may be beneficial to make an appointment with a psychologist. I will work closely with your treating doctor(s) to ensure you have the best level of care.